Yesterday I mentioned Barnard's Star having four exoplanets but none of them are in the estimated habitable zone defined for a red M-dwarf parent star. So, where are we currently at for detection of potentially habitable planets? The current estimates are approximately 70 out of 5000+ detected exoplanets that are more likely to have a rocky composition and support surface liquid water. These would have varying parent stars that would typically be like our own Sun (G-dwarf) or cooler (K or M dwarfs)
One of the Closest Stars to Earth has 4 Exoplanets
Did you know that Barnard’s Star - one of the closest stars to Earth at approximately 6 light years away currently has 4 confirmed exoplanets. Also known as Proxima Ophiuchi (in the constellation of Ophiuchus), it is a small, red M-dwarf star of about 16% the mass of the Sun and 18% of the Sun’s radius. These 4 small exoplanets are only about 30% the size of Earth and orbit Barnard’s Star about every 2.5 to 7 days (moving outward to each planet). Unfortunately these exoplanets are not the in the star’s habitable zone - but being only 6 light years away, it is a prime candidate for continuing exoplanet research.
A Brief History of SETI
Universe Today has done a very good series this month on SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence). It’s well written and worth the read.
Here is the first part: A Brief-ish History of SETI. Part 1: "Where is Everybody?"
Exoplanet Explosive Growth
Well, recent news has shown the explosive growth in exoplanet discoveries in the last year - up over 650 since last Sept. The TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) output an all sky mosaic show both confirmed and potential exoplanet (5000+) systems. We’re now close to estimating that every star in the Milky Way has, on average, at least 2 planets - that’s 200+ billion planets in our own galaxy alone.
Certainly a Level 1 view of exoplanet science!
Are we really Nearing Disclosure of Extraterrestrials?
Well, the title says it all - can we really be near something definitive? There's been a lot of noise in the press recently starting with the Trump administration's announcements from the Dept of War and some more initial analysis here. Nevertheless, the first point to call out is that there are no references to the terms of “UFOs” (other than a small tag) or “extraterrestrials” in the government release notes. All text points to UAPs (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) - which implies the releases are still in the realm of anomalous objects that could originate anywhere. The primary quote being:
"The American people can now access the federal government's declassified UAP files instantly. The latest UAP videos, photos, and original source documents from across the entire United States government are all in one place – no clearance required. While past administrations sought to discredit or dissuade the American people, President Trump is focused on providing maximum transparency to the public, who can ultimately make up their own minds about the information contained in these files."
Granted, you can search the released declassified documents for those terms. As far as I’ve been able to tell - nothing earth shattering has appeared. Both The Conversation and The Skeptic did a nice job reviewing this early release (from which I have to quote one author noting - “...absolutely nothing stands out beyond the usual blurry photographs, grainy videos, artist reconstructions, and countless stories about weird things in the sky and in space.”) Scientific American also did a short overview noting a statement from Sean Kirkpatrick, "There’s nothing unexpected in their release. And without any analysis or context, [it] will only serve to fuel more speculation, conspiracy and armchair pseudoscience, particularly from the playhouse politics theater company..."
No matter your political affiliation it is readily apparent that the administration is attempting to appease critics complaints about not following through on some of the early campaign promises. This doesn’t imply, however, that national security would be compromised in any way if the US or any government entity had some strategic advantage from anything technological be it from other countries or extraterrestrial in origin - this being the most problematic part of disclosure.
So here we sit again with just as much (if not more) speculation regarding extraterrestrial life. It's difficult to note whether this stands in Level 3 or Level 2 of the exoastronomy categorization - but, it mostly fits in Level 2 due to government classification and documentation.
You can go out and download the released material directly (as have thousands on social media that are full of speculation). I’m sure there’s more to come.